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Raskroj kuznecova kryak. Chernivtsi - political, cultural and religious center of Bukovina, the administrative center of Chernivtsi region. The city is located in southwestern Ukraine, 40 km from the Romanian border. Kyiv - 569 km,Lviv - 272 km, Odessa - 750 km. The city's name is derived from the castle, which in the 'List of Russian gardens and distant neighbors' referred to as the Chern on the Prut.The first mention of Chernivtsi in historical documents dating from 1408 year.The population 2011(253,843).Area is 153 km ². ---The city lies on the hills of the valley of the river Prut at altitudes from 100 to 250 m a.s.l. - Stay in Chernivtsi were already in the Neolithic period, in the suburbs of settlement Tripoli culture, Bronze Age and Iron.
In the vicinity of Chernivtsi found Slavic beginning of our era (II-V cc.) from the early era of settlement there were White Croats and Tivertsy (IX-XI cent.). Defensive place Chernivtsi city founded in the second half of the XII century. Galician prince Yaroslav Osmomysl on the left bank of the Prut (the ruins of the fortress, which lasted until the middle of the XIII century., when it was destroyed by the Tatars ), the new city was built on the high right bank of the Prut.Since the middle of the XIV century.
Chernivtsi, were part of Moldavia as a border city of Poland, through which the trade route from the city to Suceava. First mentioned in a document Voivod Alexander (Alexander the Good) (1408) in connection with the customs agreement that he signed with Lviv merchants. - 1488 Chernivtsi became a center of the county. According to the Moldovan period they used self-government in Magdeburg law as a 'free city' reported directly warlord; Board of Chernigov was in the hands of 'sholtysa' and 12 mother. In the XV-XVI centuries. Chernivtsi Trade Center from the fair, which took place on the left bank of the Prut, but from the middle of the XVI century.
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Began to decline because of continued war, and 1538 were under Turkish auspices. The town was devastated by wars, Moldova and Poland (1497, 1509, 1688), the Turks (1476 and 1714) and Tatars (1626, 1646, 1650, 1672). Cossacks (led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky ) visit to Chernivtsi 1650 and 1653 and after the defeat at Poltava in winter 1709-1710 was pursuing them, Russian troops occupied the first Chernivtsi. The town was devastated by the Russians when they again visited here for the Russo-Turkish War of 1739, it became a small settlement. In 1762 it was nearly 200 wooden houses with about 1200 inhabitants. - As the next Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 Chernivtsi was taken by the Russian army, and passed under the authority of the union of Austria (1774-1918 biennium). From the very beginning of Austrian rule Bukovina Chernivtsi became a center - the military administration (1774-1786 years), then the civilian government: 1786-1849 biennium Bukovinskoy province that was part of Galicia, in 1849 the autonomous province of Bukovina.